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The "camplate" or sinusoidal cam engine can be lower RPM and higher torque. This seems a disadvantage in electricity generator (1500 RPM generators are cheapest, lower RPM generators cost more).
In any case, the method of * quick expansion * wait (for gas to transfer heat to walls, before exhausting) * quick or slow exhausting * quick intake * quick compression * wait (for gas to gain heat from walls: after compression, but before ignition) can improve efficiency for obvious thermodynamical reasons (like the regenerator in a Stirling engine). ---- Piston Rings - the most delicate parts [Hastings] offers 8.5 inch (=215.9mm) piston ring-sets. Affordable (40-50 USD/ring or $200/ringset in 2011) and available (~always in stock) also in small quantities. They have 5/32, 8/32 and 10/32 " width. Sets for 4-5 grooves. It is unclear if Hastings offers oversized rings. The usual increment is 0.01" (0.25 mm). Chinese (or locally made) liners are OK, but the highest quality pistonrings should be available for them to avoid risks of poor quality rings. |
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* bore = max 220 mm for now. [Hastings] offers 8.5 inch (=215.9mm) piston ring-sets
** the centrifugal- metalcasting shop specified max 270 mm outer dia for the cyl liner, preferrably max 260 mm if possible. 215.9mm should not be a problem ** for 750 RPM engines 340 mm bore is also reasonable (Caterpillar, Wartsila) but 215.9 mm sounds better for now |
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For 750 RPM engines, 340 mm bore (and >400 mm stroke) is very common, and reasonable (Caterpillar, Wartsila). Anyway, max 215.9 mm sounds better for a "smaller", still reasonable size engine.
* the centrifugal- metalcasting shop specified max 270 mm outer dia for the cyl liner, preferrably max 260 mm if possible. 215.9mm should not be a problem |
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* some of the expansion work does compression (of the pair cylinder) directly, without any bearing losses (similar to Ericsson's piston engine and the Siemens arrangement Stirling, but countrary to conn-rod engines).
** note that in a 4-stroke engine, the angular distance between pairs is 180,540 "crank"-degrees. So if A-3 compression is aided by B-3 expansion, than B-3's exhaust (unfortunately not it's compression) will be aided by A-3's expansion. Still better than a conn-rod. Anyway, 2-stroke is good for a big diesel, but IMHO not good for wood-gas. |
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* [cylindrical roller bearings] specifically made as track rollers (eg. stronger collars).
** [two row cylindrical counter rollers] eg. for metal flattening machines * The max forces are similar to normal bearings of similar size (no surprise). |
| With today's automation these are trivial. |
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* side clearance, eg:
** acustic ** C'tive With today's automation these are trivial (related solutions seems to have been patented almost every decade in the 20th century, often hard to see anything non-trivial in these patents, or anything new at the time of filing). |
| [swashplate steam engine] |